Event Comment: [The Young Gentleman who played Zaphna was Wroughton. "His real name was Rottan, but altered euphonia gratia. He was designed for a surgeon and served his apprenticeship at Bath. The following playbills show that he met with approbation on the stage. He remained with Covent Garden from this time till the end of the season 1785-86. He then played in Ireland one Winter, and was engag'd at Drury Lane Theatre in the beginning of the season 1787-88. This was the occasion of Mr Wroughton's leaving Covent Garden, I mean it was thus conjectured. Mr Lewis had been appointed manager of that theatre for Mr Harris. Mr Lewis and Mr Wroughton lived next door neighbors in Broad Court at the top of Bow Street, and were sworn friends:--they laughed together, lived together--In the season 1784-85 two new performers Mr Holman and Mr Pope, appeared on the Covent Garden Stage--these young men were great favorites with Mr Harris; Mr Holman, attracting at this time very crowded audiences, stood so particularly high in his regard, that his partiality made him guilty of some injustice to older and abler actors in the theatre. Mr Henderson had really cause to complain of neglect; and Mr Wroughton thought himself equally oppressed. At this time we had a Club and met every Wednesday fortnight during Lent at the Long Room in Hamstead at dinner. Our Club consisted of a certain number of us belonging indifferently to either theatre, and two or three other gentlemen who were not actors. Mr King, Mr Quick, Mr Farren, Mr Mattocks, myself, etc., etc. When the bottle had a little warmed Mr Wroughton he threw out some sarcasms on his Friend Mr Lewis's management; Mr Lewis retorted; Their tempers grew hot, their words grew aggravating; Mr Wroughton struck Mr Lewis; Mr Lewis returned the blow. They were parted; all the pleasures of the day were over, and the Club broke up in confusion. I was not present this day, but have related what Mr Siddons told me of this Quarrel, and I imagine that Mr Wroughton's attack on Mr Lewis sprang from a suspicion that he was too willing to execute Mr Harris's designs in favour of Mr Holman. Be this as it may, Mr Wroughton was discharged from cg at the expiration of his Articles with Mr Harris."--Hopkins MS Notes.] Receipts: #186 3s. (Account Book)

Event Comment: The Doors to be opened at Five o'clock. To Begin exactly at Six o'clock. [Boxes 5s. Pit 3s. First Gallery 2s. Upper Gallery 1s.] Vivant Rex et Regina. [Customary footnote for each succeeding Bill. Only significant variations will be noted further. Criticism: For contemporary comment on performances and plays this season see John Potter's Theatrical Review, or New Companion to the Playhouse. 2 vols. London, 1772, a day by day account of Plays and actors at Drury Lane and Covent Garden theatres for the season 1771-72. He is rather severe in his comments on most of the actors at cg. The four relatively constant expenditures set up for each night this season include music: averaging #7 5s.; wardrobe charges of from 1 to #3; properties 7s. to #1; and renters, paid to Garton, the treasurer, #10. Extras, when they occur, which is almost nightly, for such things as kettle drum, side drum, bagpipes, chorus singers, supernumeraries, together with all repair bills paid advances to actors, &c. are duly recorded. I include only what appear to be significant ones which illustrate the theatre as a show business.] Receipts: #186 4s. 6d. (Account Book)

Event Comment: A solo on the Violincello as 11 March; and Cirri's New Concerto on the Violin as 20 March. Charges: #35 (Account Book)

Event Comment: [Maria Macklin in a MS letter to her father this date (See dl 1 Feb. 73) complains that Elfrida alone drew houses at cg this season, and that even that play failed to fill the galleries; that Colman was difficult to see; that Younger carried on all the business of the theatre, everyone kowtowing to him: "Savigny has been discharged from the theatre; Ross has been laid up all the winter with the Gout, and has lately played Lear to a thin house. The Town is big with expectation of Foote's Puppet Show."] Receipts: #166 6s

Event Comment: Mainpiece: A New Comedy [by Oliver Goldsmith] never perform'd. [Carried in the Account Book under its secondary title. A long and grudgingly favorable review appeared in the Westminster Magazine: On the whole the Comedy has many excellent qualities: though we cannot venture to recommend it as a pattern for imitation. Still attached to the laudable intent of it, we wish it may keep possession of the stage till a better comedy comes to relieve it." There follows a long account of Foote's Puppet Show.] Receipts: #234 11s. 6d

Event Comment: Eleventh and Last time of performing Mainpiece this season. Afterpiece: By Particular Desire. Othello and The Irish Widow, to have been performed this evening for Mr Barry's Benefit, oblig'd to be deferr'd till further notice (playbill). Mr Barry being Ill his Benefit which was to have been this Night is oblig'd to be deferr'd (Hopkins Diary). [So, according to Hopkins, the profits went to the house.] Receipts: #171 19s. 6d. To the Public Advertiser: Sir, I spent an agreeable evening lately with a Country Friend at the Primitive Puppet Show, and was not displeased at the ridicule pointed at the dull, spiritless stuff, which composes modern Sentimental Comedy. I was entertained too with the manner in which some of the Actors were taken off; But I cannot think mimicry worthy to furnish an Evening Entertainment for a Polite British Audience, or suited to the happy ridicule and pointed wit of Aristophanes. The old Roman comedy, as it was called, was designed for nobler purposes: it was directed to improve the head and mend the heart. The keen manly satire of that Comedy was pointed at Upstart, Braggart, Vice, and to expose the dangerous unfeeling craft of innocent Villainy, or to use the words of Mr Pope--Brand the bold front of shameless, guilty man. Such was, and such ought to be, the salutary Direction of Wit, and Satire by exhibiting characters in their genuine colours, when the mask, which disguises and conceals them from the eyes of the Weak the Credulous, and the Ignorant, is drawn off. The words of Horace are--Detrabere et pellam, mitidus qua quisque per ora Cederet, introrsum turpis. Yours, Dramaticus. Poetry for the Public Advertiser. Epigram on the New Tragedy Alonzo. @No wonder that each female voice@Resounds Alonzo's praise;@A sure foundation of Applause,@The crafty Author lays.@ @Against the Virtue of his Wife@A Husband, if he's wise@According to the Gallant HOME,@Should not believe his eyes.

Event Comment: Mainpiece: By Particular Desire. Paid Younger for writting parts #10 4s. 9d.; Paid Mrs Giles for a Blue & Silver suit of women's cloaths #9 9s. (Account Book). To Covent Garden. Beggar's Opera and Commissary. Found the Pit not over fifth full, and on the 4th bench from orchestra orange woman showed me Pol. Kennedy alias Mrs Bevon, on which I went and sat immediately before her, and talked with her much during the play. Pol. Kennedy in cloak and large hat. She is tall, large and raw-boned. Irish features, yet had something in her face and person necessarily attracting notice--was very civil, curteous, and chatty (Baker, Diary, p. 270). [Pol. Kennedy was the Irish actress and contralto who later appeared as Mrs Farrell at dl in 1776 in Arne's Caractacus.] Receipts: #122 6s. 6d. (Account Book)

Event Comment: Lyric Ode (never performed) "On the Witches, Fairies, and Aerial Beings in Shakespeare. The Music entirely New." [The Westminster Magazine for March commented: "This poem is said to be written by a young gentleman of Oxford, and has many strokes of genius and inagination in it. The music, we hear, is composed by Mr Linley Jr, who has (since his return from Italy) been a student under that most excellent musician Dr Boyce. This composition must be allowed to be an extraordinary effort of genius in so young a man. The Fugue of the overture is masterly. The song of 'There in old Arden's inmost shade,' is well suited to the scene described by the poet....But what we think most deserving of praise is the power our young composer has shown in the chorusses....From the general and sincere applause with which the Ode was received, we may venture to pronounce, that if Mr Linley Jr pursues his studies, he will one day stand foremost in the list of modern composers."

Event Comment: [This was a puppet show, rewritten by Charles Dibdin from his Comic Mirror; it consisted of 7 different acts, presented in 3 Parts. The audience was both misled into thinking that it was to be performed by actual persons, and made angry because of the "almost unintelligible manner of conveying [the various acts], as the singers were scarcely audible, and the objects very indistinctly visible.' A riot ensued. Lighted candles were thrown on the stage against the curtain, chandeliers broken, benches torn up. The audience was not "satisfied" until Colman the proprietor of the theatre, disclaimed any concern with the entertainment, and Dibdin made an apology. Although announced for repetition on 3 Mar., it was not again performed. (See Dibdin, II, 65; Morning Chronicle, 2 Mar. )]

Event Comment: Mainpiece [1st time; T 5, by Robert Jephson. Prologue by the author (Gentleman's Magazine, Jan, 1782, p. 36). Another Prologue, by the Right Hon. Luke Gardiner, "not arriving in London time enough for the first exhibition of the Count of Narbonne, was not spoken" (ibid.). Epilogue by Richard Josceline Goodenough, but beginning with 20 Nov. it was superseded by a new Epilogue written by Edmond Malone (see text)]: With new Scenery and Dresses. Public Advertiser, 1 Nov.: The Management of The Count of Narbonne is . . . under very good Care: Mr Horace Walpole, with a Fondness nothing less than fatherly, directs that part of the Affair which respects the Scenes and Dresses, while Henderson takes Charge of the Rehearsals and the casting of inferior Parts... [Henderson] is to wear a Dress which is lent him from among the Antiquities at Strawberry Hill. "I have been at the theatre, and compromised the affair of the epilogues: one is to be spoken to-morrow, the friend's on the author's night. I have been tumbling into trap-doors, seeing dresses tried on in the green-room, and directing armour in the painting-room" (Walpole [16 Nov. 1781], XII, 95). "I never saw a more unprejudiced audience, nor more attention. There was not the slightest symptom of disapprobation to any part ... It is impossible to say how much justice Miss Younge did to your writing. She has shown herself a great mistress of her profession, mistress of dignity, passion, and of all the sentiments you have put into her hands. The applause given to her description of Raymond's death lasted some minutes, and recommenced; and her scene in the fourth act, after the Count's ill-usage, was played in the highest perfection. Mr Henderson was far better than I excepted from his weakness, and from his rehearsal yesterday, with which he was much discontented himself. Mr Wroughton was very animated, and played the part of the Count much better than any man now on the stage would have done. I wish I could say Mr Lewis satisfied me; and that poor child Miss Satchell was very inferior to what she appeared at the rehearsals, where the total silence and our nearness deceived us. Her voice has no strength, nor is she yet at all mistress of the stage. I have begged Miss Younge to try what she can do with her by Monday. However, there is no danger to your play: it is fully established" (Walpole [to the author, 18 Nov. 1781], XII, 95-96). Public Advertiser, 28 Nov. 1781: This Day is published The Count of Narbonne (price not listed). Receipts: #164 10s. 6d. (163/0/6; 1/10/0)

Event Comment: [Seymour is identified in European Magazine, Oct. 1787, p. 315. Address by Edward Hickey Seymour (London Chronicle, 4 Oct.).] "The clock striking two -instead of the usual folly of a small table bell, when Macbeth's drink was ready -forms an alteration of much good sense and propriety" (World, 2 Oct.). "Of the Lady Macbeths [since the time of Garrick] Mrs Siddons has exhibited the most happy effect of her skill -has shown a portrait of Lady Macbeth which before existed but in imagination. Mrs Yates claims the second place of eminence; her deportment and manner were equal to Mrs Siddons, but very inferior to her in pathos and energy. Mrs Pope's performance lays claim to praise, particularly in the sleeping scene, but there is a certain delicacy and tenderness associated with the powers of that lady which prevents her giving a glowing picture of that female fiend. Mrs Bates's performance was sufficiently marking and bold in some passages, but the whole wanted uniformity and finishing" (Public Advertiser, 4 Oct.). Receipts: #225 (224.5; 0.15)

Event Comment: A Serio-Comic Opera in 2 acts (never performed here [1st performed at Vienna, 1784; and in April 1795 performed at king's under the title of Il Conte Ridocolo]). The Music composed in his best style by Paisiello. Under the direction of Mazzinghi. Fineschi being hardly recovered from his late severe indisposition humbly hopes for the indulgence of the public, whom rather than disappoint, he would run any danger. Gallini, for the last time, most respectfully entreats those few Subscribers who have hitherto delayed of declaring themselves, or sending in the names of their Co-subscribers, to do it immediately, as no one can be admitted without showing the Ticket for this year; and the Boxes not bespoke cannot remain empty after the opening of the House. Tickets to be had, and Subscription paid, as usual, at Messrs Ransom, Morland and Hammersley's, bankers, No. 57, Pall-Mall. The Doors to be opened at 6:00. To begin precisely at 7:00 [see 3 Jan. 1788]. Pit 10s. 6d. 1st Gallery 5s. 2nd Gallery 3s. "The only Part of the scenery which is interesting is the bridge Rialtov, and this is badly executed; it looks like a pantomimic show, but not like a grand opera scene; the bridge is crowded with figurative passengers, and small gondolas appear beyond it. The first idea is a capital error, for the representation of the bridge is supposed sideways, and being covered with shops, no passengers can be seen; the latter idea of boats being placed beyond the bridge crowds the scene, and makes the bridge lose its grand appearance at a distance...The Managers of the Opera are exceedingly to blame for having substituted a Soprano to a Tenor in the character of Gafforio" (Public Advertiser, 17 Dec.). Receipts: #164 14s. [These receipts, and those on all other nights throughout the opera season, represent the sale of non-subscription tickets. On this night 400 tickets were delivered to Prendergrass, office-keeper at the Haymarket pit entrance; of these he sold 159 at 10s. 6d. (i.e. #83 9s. 6d.). 100 were delivered to Toosey, office-keeper at the King's Door pit entrance; he sold 26 at 10s. 6d. (i.e. #13 13s.). 300 were delivered to Butler, office-keeper of the 1st Gallery; he sold 190 at 5s. (i.e. #47 10s.). 200 were delivered to Snelson, office-keeper of the 2nd Gallery; he sold 118 at 3s. (i.e. #17 10s.). Sale of one box #2 2s. "Difference from Gallery to Pit" (i.e. money received from persons who changed their seats from gallery to pit, 5s. 6d.). The delivery of 1,000 non-subscription tickets to be disposed was almost invariably the case on every night of the season; but see 5 Apr. 1788.

Event Comment: By Command of Her Majesty. [This was the first time that members of the royal family had appeared in public since the beginning of the King's illness (his first attack of insanity) in November 1788. See also 21, 24 Apr.] The drop curtain with the King's arms on it shown when the front curtain first rose was the "original curtain exhibited on the opening of Lincoln's Inn Fields theatre [in 1714]...It has lain by in the scene-room of Covent-Garden theatre nearly seventy years, but was rescued from oblivion, retouched, and the appropriate ornaments added for the occasion" (Public Advertiser, 16 Apr.). On the Queen's entrance "the house called for God save the King, and the theatre being prepared, the song was immediately sung by Bannister, Johnstone, and Darley, the house joining in the chorus. It was encored...At the end of the play [it] was again called for, and again sung twice. At the end of the pantomime it was again called for; and the theatre not sending forward the performers, the audience cheerfully sung it for themselves; and having sung, they encored themselves; so that altogether it was sung six times in the course of the evening. Her Majesty had a bandeau of black velvet, on which were set in diamonds the words 'Long live the king.' The princesses had bandeaus of white satin, and 'Long live the king' in gold" (Universal Magazine, Apr. 1789, p. 218). Receipts: #388 16s. 6d. (385.12.0; 3.4.6)

Event Comment: [In mainpiece the playbill retains Miss Pope as Mrs Larron, but "previous to the play, an apology was made by Palmer for the absence of Miss Pope, who by indisposition was prevented from performing, and requested the audience to accept of Mrs Edwards in the part of Mrs Larron, who, it must be confessed, showed no want of spirit in her performance" (Thespian Magazine, Jan. 1793, p. 169).] Receipts: #195 0s. 6d. (143.16.0; 48.14.0; 2.10.6)

Event Comment: "Nothing reduces acting to so miserable a show of mechanism as the constant applause at particular speeches...Mrs Siddons labours under a disadvantage [in dl theatre]. that she is not everywhere heard. To be so she would strain her voice unnaturally. She does not choose to make the sacrifice, and preserves her excellence with the near, whatever she may lose to the remote" (Oracle, 27 Sept.). Receipts: #372 0s. 6d. (280.13.0; 89.18.6; 1.9.0)

Event Comment: Benefit Mr and Mrs Hamilton. At the particular Desire of several Persons of Quality

Event Comment: For the Entertainment of several Foreign Ministers

Event Comment: A New Comedy. Written by the Author of The Miser [Henry Fielding]. Tickets for the Author's Night at DL will be taken here every Night of the Performance. Boxes 4s. Pit is. Gallery 1s. 6d

Event Comment: Benefit John Roberts, in lieu of one last Season at DL. Afterpiece: Written by Henry Fielding, Esq. 6:30 P.M. N.B. The Play and Entertainment will be conducted with the utmost Decorum: And whereas several Irregularities have been committed, as to Hours of beginning, &c. this is to assure all Gentlemen and Ladies that please to favour us with their Presence, that the Play will certainly begin at the time propos'd; and particular Care is taken that the whole Performance will endeavour at universal Satisfaction. Tickets for Sir Walter Raleigh taken at this Play

Event Comment: By Command of her Royal Highness the Princess of Orange. For the Entertainment of Tomo Chachi. .. and Senauki his Queen. For the Benefit of a Family that has sustain'd great Losses. Mainpiece: Written by the Author of The Miser